An alternative procedure that attempts to avoid aspects of static load testing, s testing applies to driven piles and castinplace piles that are submitted to lower stresses than in other dynamic testing, which reduces the possibility of pile damage. Pile capacity predictions using static and dynamic load testing. The contractor must engage the services of aprofessional engineer licensed and registered in new york state, experienced in all aspects of pile load testing and acceptable to the deputy. The test load applied was 10,800 tonnes which can usually not be applied by a traditional static load test. A complete users manual is given, including several illustrative examples. The maximum test load to be applied must be agreed in advance so that the test pile, pile cap if required and the load testing equipment reaction pileskentledge hydraulic ram and pumpbidirectional load cellrapid or dynamic test energy can all be designed or chosen so as to apply the maximum test load safely. The contractor must engage the services of a professional engineer licensed and registered in new york state, experienced in all aspects of pile load testing and acceptable to the deputy. Although the manual reading and recording of dial gauges employed in a static loading test should present no insurmountable difficulty in terms of accuracy and regularity, it is the application of. The static pile load test on a single pile involve uplift force, axial compression and lateral tests when applied either horizontally or perpendicular to the pile axially. Static load tests are carried out in order to assess the performance of a test pile when subjected to a predetermined load. Performing organization name and address university of rhode island narragansett, ri. In addition the ultimate bearing capacity of the test pile can be calculated.
Most bridge floor slabs are constructed as reinforced concrete. Lrfd micropile design and testing for major urban bridges. Foundation manual pdf open with chrome table of contents. Bidirectional static load pile tests bdslt was performed on a barrette pile of dimensions 1. Pile driving analyzer systems also evaluate shaft integrity, driving stresses, and hammer energy. Pile load testing also generally involves the application of a static load to the pile. The static load test slt involves the direct measurement of pile head displacement in the response to a physically applied test load. Chapter 10 deals with quality assurance and quality control during timber pile installation. The most important consideration was the application of truly constant load. Standard test methods for deep foundations under static axial.
This fully automated, multistage hydraulic system brings an unrivaled degree of safety, control, and quality to static pile testing. Pile, static load tests, quick testing methods, dynamic measurements. Static pile load testing throughout the uk with ndt services. Such testing permits the selection of both the optimum helical screw foundation and the design load.
The test for static load slt contains the direct calculation of pile head displacement with regards to a concretely functional test load. Utilization of dynamic pile testing and geotechnical analysis made it possible to uncover the flaw in the static loading test setup procedure and, thus, the. Static axial load test on strain gauge instrumented. Static pile load testing deep foundation structural load. Dynamic load testing of large scale piles offshore and. Although the manual reading and recording of dial gauges employed in a. Astm d8169 d8169m 18 standard test methods for deep. Bdi is proud to announce the atlas static pile load testing system to the american market. The installation procedure for driving piles to capacity was to drive. Lrfd micropile design and testing for major urban bridges 1 presented by. Custom loading regimes can also now be accommodated. For larger projects, a static load test is sometimes used to confirm the pile capacity and establish a driving criterion. As part of a bridge replacement project, a dynamic pile i. Louisiana state university and the louisiana department of transportation and development technology transfer and training dotd employee training manual etrn number c 0820 a stock number 50380.
Federation of piling specialists handbook on pile load testing. Description the test is performed by striking the pile head with a piling hammer or other suitable drop weight whilst monitoring pile soil response in terms of pile head force and velocity using specially developed bolton reusable transducers. Dynamic pile analysis using capwap and multiple sensors. Sampling and testing of plastic concrete pcc field tester introduction to pile driving inspection sponsored jointly by. The test results may not represent the longterm performance of a deep foundation. Duong do a frame is assembled over the pile to be tested on top of which an amount of weight a minimum 110 to 120% of maximum test load is safely stacked. Capwap analysis is made on the pda data after the test is complete. The test pile, installation equipment and installation procedure should be identical to that intended to be used for production piles to the extent practical. The same blow count criteria determined by the test piles is. Pile load testing specified in the contract documents 2.
The maximum test load or test pressure expressed as a reading on the gauge in use shall be displayed and all operators shall be made aware of this limit. Chapter 8 static pile load testing and pile dynamic analysis pile. Suspend any of the contractors operations in conflict until pile load testing is completed. The ends of the load transfer beams were secured to the reaction piles using a 32 mm diameter dywidag bar embedded the full length of each reaction pile. Static pile load test kentledge method geotechnical master. Specification for piling contract documentation and measurement, 1 jan 1988 2526 content tools.
To evaluate capacity of static load test anchor piles. Pile capacity testing by high strain dynamic load ing methods is widely applied because of its economy and efficiency compared to static load testing methods slt. The non static pile load tests are performed by means of exerting an impact force on the pile head while measuring and recording the responses of the pile, from which the test results are. This generally takes the form of concrete blocks of regular dimensions and weight although steel ingots can be used provided that their weight static pile load test kentledge method read more. Manual on estimating of soil properties for foundation. Vibratory testing is only used where structure loading. The testing device features a pressure chamber and reaction mass. Recommendations regarding the most reliable and economical load test methods needed by highway agencies for the design and control of bridge piles are introduced. Chapter 11 provides a model specification for timber pile projects. However, other methods of load application have been used, such as dynamic, vibra tory, and explosive. Astm d1143, standard test method for piles under static axial compressive load. Most of the static pile load tests a performed using reaction systems see figure 2. The results can be collected locally or the entire testing program can be observed remotely using platform interactive.
Pdf comparison between dynamic and static pile load testing. The static load test involves the direct measurement of pile head displacement in the response to a physically applied test load. Pile load tests may be combined with dynamic monitoring 1. Design and construction of driven pile foundations lessons learned on the central arterytunnel project 6.
As part of this task, an updated version of the fhwa deep foundation load test database dlftd v. High strain dynamic load tests, also called pda tests, assess the capacity of several piles in a single day. Comparison of numerical analyses with a static load test. The initial test is performed before the start of construction to assess the design adequacy. The test pile is loaded by utilizing a hydraulic jack that is placed on the center of the test pile. Static pile load testing is the most definitive method for determining pile capacity and should be used to establish a correlation with dynamic test methods. Summary of projects and test piles compiled in the static load test database. Step 11 static load testing test loading is the most definitive method of determining load capacity of a pile. Neither dynamic nor explosive testing is too reliable, and these methods are infrequently used.
The test pile will be considered failure when a rapid progressive movement of the pile in the direction of loading under a constant load or physical failure of the test pile is observed or a settlement of more than 15% of the diagonal dimension of the pile, which is equivalent to 90 mm. Assist fti with pile load testing as needed according to the foundation manual chapter 8, static pile load testing and pile dynamic analysis. Static load testings are performed in order to measure a designs axial tension or axial. In initial test, the test load 52 times the working load in work test load is 32 times the design load. In the static load test, the test load will be applied by hydraulic jacking against kent ledge concrete blocks with the load being measured by calibrated and certified pressure gauges on the selected pile.
Static load testing static testing has traditionally been the standard for evaluating soil strength and thus ultimate pile capacity, although many sites had no testing specified, particularly when the number of piles per project was relatively low as would be the case for a small bridge. Standard test methods for deep foundations under static. The test results indicated that the pile mobilized an. This manual provides information, foundation exploration and testing procedures, load test methods, analysis techniques, allowable criteria, design procedures, and construction consideration for the selection, design, and installation of pile foundations. Pdf the static pile load test on a single pile involve uplift force, axial compression and lateral tests when applied either horizontally or. For permanent working piles, the engineer may require that the magnitude of applied test load be limited in order to measure the pile movement at a predetermined proof load as part of a quality control or quality assurance program. In general two types of pile load tests are conducted. The goal of the test was to verify that pile head displacement was similar. The test procedure involves applying an axial load to the top of the test pile with one or more hydraulic jacks. Static pile load testing geotechnical instrument testing. Typical data required from a conventional static load test are the record of displacement of the pile head and the load applied. It is the most fundamental form of pile load test and is considered as the benchmark of pile performance.
The bridge deck is the roadway portion of a bridge, including shoulders. Trial piles are explicitly developed with the aim of executing load tests and consequently, are commonly loaded to failure. Measured versus predicted shaft resistance of h and closed. It differs from the statnamic load test and dynamic load testing in that the pressure applied to the pile is slower. Pdf verification of pile load capacity using static pile. If dynamic testing completely replaces static testing on a project, no correlation is established and signal matching relies on experience alone. Static pile load testing throughout the uk with ndt. Like the dynamic load test, a static load test can be done to evaluate the bearing capacity of the pile. It differs from the statnamic load test and dynamic load testing in that the pressure applied to the pile is. Static load testing methods are ideal for all pile types, on land or over water, and are accomplished on either production piles or sacrificial trial piles. These astm specifications do not specify a particular method to be used, but rather provide. Pdf verification of pile load capacity using static pile load test. The advantages and disadvantages of dynamic load testing. Figure 5 presents load set cur ves from both the static lo ad test and the capwap simulation.
The maximum mobilized pile resistance equals two times the maximum load applied by the jack assembly. Initial tests the safe load on a single pile shall be the least of the following. Static load tests for high proof loads 20 mn are very time consuming for set. Static load testing compression this vertical compression pile maintained load test is usually carried out to ensure the structural and geotechnical soundness of the pile and also to predict settlement of other piles. Static pile load testing deep foundation structural. May 21, 2017 static load test anchored pile duration. Occasionally, a three pile test group two anchor piles and one test pile is used for static load tests in tension refer to appendix f, pile dynamic analysis, static pile load testing and field acceptance criteria. Chapter 8 static pile load testing and pile dynamic. Testing a pile to failure provides valuable information to the design engineer and is recommended for load tests performed prior to the foundation design. Pdi, is the largest manufacturer of industrystandard, high quality deep foundation testing solutions, worldwide. Static load testing is an in situ type of load testing used in geotechnical investigation to determine the bearing capacity of deep foundations prior to the construction of a building. The static capacity prediction methods used for this project include the spt method meyerhof, 1976, federal highway administration. In this study a comparison between the static and dynamic load tests results was made to evaluate the ability of the high strain dynamic pile testing hsdpt using simbat method to estimate the static capacity of bored concrete piles. The pile driving analyzer pda system is the most widely employed system for dynamic load testing and pile driving monitoring in the world.
Based on experience and extrapolation, it is found that the best way to predict pile behavior is to perform a pile loading test. The capacity of the test piles were also predicted using the nordlund method and spt method as. The most popular dynamic loading methods are dynamic load testing dlt by an impact hammer and statnamic testing stn by launching a reaction mass from the pile head. Connect carbon pile to battery using proper battery terminal adapters. A reaction beam is installed on top of the reaction piles. Pile settlement can be determined at the working load and at multiples of the working load. Established in 1972, pdi continues to innovate, develop, manufacture and supply stateoftheart qaqc testing and monitoring products and software for the deep foundations industry. Pile driving analyzer pda for high strain testing pile. Assessment of current aashto lrfd methods for static pile. These signals were used to estimate static capacity using the case method, a simplified field procedure for estimating pile capacity, as well as the more rigorous. To calibrate bearing acceptance criteria to the pile load test. The static pile load test is the most common method of testing the capacity of a pile and it is also considered to be the best measure of foundation suitability to resist anticipated design loads. It is the most basic method of pile load test and is treated as the critical point of pile performance. Testing has been performed in the load range 100kn to 12,000 kn.
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